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1. How to calculate heating flow rate
The calculation of heating flow rate can be completed through the heat balance formula or simplified formula. The specific operation process is as follows:
1. Basic formula and parameter definitions In a hot water heating system, when there is only heating load, the design flow rate can be calculated based on the principle of heat balance. The core formula is: G=Q/(c ·Δ t) Q: Heating load, measured in watts (W) or kilowatts (kW). It needs to be determined based on the thermal indicators of the building (such as unit area heat load) and the heating area. c: The specific heat capacity of water at constant pressure, with a standard value of 4187 J/(kg ·℃), represents the amount of heat required to increase the temperature of water by 1 ℃ per kilogram. Δ t: Design temperature difference between supply and return water, in ℃. For example, the temperature difference for a 95/70 ℃ heating system is 25 ℃ (95 ℃ -70 ℃). In practical engineering, to simplify calculations, empirical formulas are often used: G=0.86Q/Δ tQ units need to be converted to kW, Δ t units are ℃, and the unit of calculation result G is ton per hour disturbance (t/h). The source of the coefficient 0.86 is derived from the original formula, which is 4187 J/(kg ·℃) × 3600 s/h ÷ 1000 kg/t=15073.2. It is then converted to units of temperature difference (1 ℃ temperature difference corresponds to 1 kW · h heat requiring 15073.2/1000 ≈ 15.07 kg of water, which is 0.01507 t/h · kW ·℃), and finally simplified to 0.86 (which is an approximate value for quick calculation).
Example of Calculation Steps: Assuming a heating load of Q=500 kW for a certain building and a design temperature difference of Δ t=25 ℃ b
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IV. Basis and Precautions for Specifications: The calculation method complies with Article 7.3.1 of the "Design Specification for Urban Heating Network" (CJJ34-2010) and is applicable to the preliminary design of central heating systems.
. Temperature difference selection: Δ t needs to be determined according to the system type. For example, if the temperature difference of a low-temperature heating system (such as 60/40 ℃) is 20 ℃, the calculation needs to be adjusted accordingly. Unit uniformity: When using simplified formulas, ensure that Q is kW and Δ t is ℃ to avoid unit confusion and errors.2. How to calculate the primary network flow of hot water centralized heating? \The initial water supply temperature is 75 degrees Celsius, and the return water temperature is 55...
The flow rate is approximately 0.86 × 180000 × 40/(75-55)=309600kg/h (i.e. 309.6t/h). Flow calculation formula: G=0.86Q/Δ T. Among them: G is the flow rate in kg/h; Q is the heat (heat load) w; Δ T is the temperature difference between the supply and return water ℃. K=actual maximum heat load when all heating equipment is running/sum of maximum heat loads of all heating equipment, where K is the simultaneous use factor.
2、 The maximum heat load utilization hours are the working hours converted from the design heat load to the total heat cons
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